Ediacaran-Paleozoic Rock Units of Egypt: Their Correlation with Adjacent Countries and Their Depositional Environments by Mohamed Abdel Ghany Khalifa

Author:Mohamed Abdel Ghany Khalifa
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783031273209
Publisher: Springer International Publishing

This period is subdivided into four epochs, from base to top are: Přídolí, Ludlow (Gorstian and Ludfordian),Wenlock ( Homerian and Sheinwoodian), and Llandovery (Telychian, Aeronian and (Rhuddanian) (Fig. 5.1).

Fig. 5.1Time chart showing the classification of the Silurian period (After International Chronostratigraphic Chart v.2015/01)

5.1.3 Fauna and Flora

The Silurian was the first period to see megafossils of extensive terrestrial biota in moss-like miniature forests along lakes and streams (Axel et al. 2010). The first bony fish, represented by the Acanthodians covered with bony scales. Fish reached considerable diversity and developed movable jaws. A diverse fauna of eurypterids (sea scorpions), some of them reach several meters in length and survive in the shallow Silurian seas of North America and New York state. Furthermore, brachiopods, bryozoa, molluscs, hederelloids, tentaculitoids, crinoids, and trilobites were abundant and diverse (Vinn and Motus 2008; Vinn et al. 2014). Reef abundance was patchy, sometimes, fossils are frequent, but at other points, they are virtually absent from the rock record (Axel et al. 2010). The earliest-known animals fully adapted to terrestrial conditions appeared during the Mid-Silurian, including the millipede Pneumodesmus (Selden and Read 2008).

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